1. Conditional Tenses In English Grammar
2. Tenses In English

16 Tenses In English Grammar Pdf Test Word- initially, is normally the same as in other English dialects (so thin is. Resources on narrative tenses (grammar).

Present Continuous Tense This tenses are used to express an action which is actually being done at this time. FORM: (+) S + to be + Verb-ing + O ex: They are riding the bicycle (-) S + to be + not + Verb-ing + O ex: They are not riding the bicycle (?) to be + S + Verb-ing + O ex: Are they riding the bicycle? Present Perfect Tense This tenses are used to express your experience. This sentence can used to say that you have never had a certain experience. Present Perfect Tense didn’t use to describe specific event.

FORM: (+) S + Has/Have + Past Participle (V3) ex: I have met her once before (-) S + Has/Have + not + past participle (V3) ex: I Have not met her before (?) Has/Have + S + past participle (V3) ex: Have You met her before? Present Perfect Continuous Tense Present Perfect Continuous Tense is used to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. ”for two hours’, ‘for two weeks’, ‘since yesterday’ are all durations which can be used with this sentence. Without the durations, the tense has a more general meaning of “lately.” We often use the words “lately” or “recently” to emphasize this meaning.

FORM: (+) S + have/has + been + Verb-ing + O ex: We have been practicing our English since Monday. (-) S + have/has + been + Verb-ing + O ex: We have not been practicing our English (?) have/has + S + been + Verb-ing + O ex: Have they been practicing their English? Simple Past Tense We used this tense to talk about the past.

FORM: (+) S + Verb2 + O ex: She studied math last night (-) S + did + not + Verb1 ex: She did not studied math last night (?) did + S + verb1 + O ex: Did She studied math last night? Past Continuous Tense This tense is used to say when we were in the middle of doing at a particular moment in the past. FORM: (+) S + was/were + Verb-ing ex: He was reading (-) S + was/were + not + Verb-ing ex: He wasn’t reading (?) Was/were + S + Verb-ing ex: Was He reading?

Past Perfect Tense The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past. FORM: had+past participle ex: I had Listen to the radio when she come home 8.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. “For five minutes” and “for two weeks” are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous.

Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous however, the duration does not continue until now, it stops before something else in the past. FORM: S + had + been + Verb-ing ex: Lina had been study at the university for 1 year before she left to Korea. Simple Future Tense often called will.

Because, the modal auxiliary verb in this sentence is will. FORM: (+) S + WILL + Verb1 ex: I will dance (-) S+WILL+not+Verb1 ex: I will not dance (?) will + S + Verb1 ex: Will she dance? Future Continuous Tense Future Continuous has two different forms: “will be doing ” and “be going to be doing”. Future Continuous forms are usually interchangeable. FORM: (+) S + will be + Verb-ing ex: I will be going to mosque. (-) S + will not be + Verb-ing ex: I won’t be going to church (?) will + S + be + Verb-ing ex: Will you going to mosque? Future Perfect Tense This sentence is used when we talk about the past in the future. FORM: (+) S + Will + have + Verb3 ex: I will have finished by 6 PM (-) S + will + not + have + Verb3 ex: I will not have finished by 6 PM (?) Will + S + have + Verb3 ex: will you have finished Verb3 12.

Future Perfect Continuous Tense We use the future perfect continuous tense to talk about a long action before some point in the future. FORM: (+) S + Will + have + been + Verb-ing ex: Andra will have been drawing the sketch (-) S + will + not + have + been + Verb-ing ex: Andra Won’t have been drawing the sketch (?) Will + S + have + been + Verb-ing? Ex: Will Andra have been drawing the sketch? Past Future Tense this tense is used to express the events that WILL be done, BUT in the past, not the present. FORM: (+) S + would + Verb1 ex: I would go (-) S + Would + not + Verb1 ex: I wouldn’t go (?) Would + S + Verb1? Ex: Would you go?

Past Future Continuous Tense Past Future Continuous tells an action would be in progress in the past. FORM: (+) S + was/were + going to be + Verb-ing ex: She was going to be Cooking this morning (-) S + was/were + not + going to be + Verb-ing ex: She wasn’t going to be cooking this morning (?) Was/were + S + going to be + Verb-ing ex: was she going to be cooking this morning? Time signals for this tense is time in the past like, this morning, yesterday, last night, last week and so on.

Past Future Perfect Tense This tense is restates the action stated in Future Perfect Tense but with different time dimension, it is in past time whilst the Future Perfect is in future time (not happen yet). FORM: (+) S + would + have + Verb3 ex: I would have drunk the milk last night (-) S + would + not + have + Verb3 ex: I wouldn’t have drunk the milk last night (?) Would + S + have + Verb3 ex: Would you have drunk the milk last night? Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense emphasizes on the course and the duration of the action. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to tell an action which would have been happening until a certain time (period) in the past. FORM: (+) S + would + have + been + verb-ing ex: Chris would have been working for 6 years when he get fired (-) S+ would + not + have + been + verb-ing ex: Chris wouldn’t have been working for 6 years when he get fired (?) Would + subject + have + been + verb-ing? Ex: Would Chris have been working for 6 years when he get fired?

16 Tenses In English. 1. 16 Tenses In English CHAPTER I PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE 1.1 THE USE OF PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE We use The Present Continuous Tense when we talk about something which is happening at the time of speaking. Example: Please don’t make so much noise. I’m studying. We also use The Present Continuous Tense when we talk about something which is happening around the time of speaking, but not necessarily exactly at the time of speaking.

Example: Silvia is learning English at the moment. We often use the Present Continuous when we talk about a period around the present.

Example:You’re working hard today. Yes, I have a lot of to do We use the present continuous when we talk about the changing situation.

Example: The population without jobs is increasing very fast. THE ADVERBS OF TIME USED The adverbs of time used in Present Continous tense are “NOW, RIGHT NOW, TOMORROW,ETC 1.3. THE PATTERN OF PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE The patterns of Present continous tense consist of: 1.3.A. Positive Pattern S + am/is/are + Verb 4.Now S + sedang + 4.sekarang Examples: 1. I am studying English now. We are going to Jakarta tomorrow (akan) 3.

You are singing now. He is making a cake now. She is sewing a shirt now.

They are playing football in the field now. Tom and Ani are doing their homework tomorrow.

Communicative English Course 1. 16 Tenses In English 8.

The students are doing sport now. 1.3.b The Negative Pattern S + am/is/are + Not + Verb 4 Now S + tidak sedang + 4.sekarang Example: 1.

I am not studying now 2. He is not sleeping now 3. My father is not watching television now. We aren’t going to Jakarta Tomorrow. The Interrogative Pattern Am/Is/Are + S + Verb 4.Now? Apakah + S + sedang + 4sekarang?

Are you studying English now? Yes, I am/ No, I am not 2.

Is he eating fried rice now? Yes, he is/ No, he isn’t 3. Is your father working in the office now? Yes, He is/No, He isn’t 1.3.d. Qusetion-word Pattern QW + Am/Is/Are + S + Verb 4.Now? QW + yang + S + 4.sekarang? What are you doing now?

Where is he studying English now? At school EXERCISE I: Translate these sentences into English. Jack sedang tidur sekarang 2. Mary sedang mengerjakan tugas itu 3. Kami sedang menonton sebuah film di televisi 4. Mereka sedang bermain bola di halaman sekarang 5.

Guru itu sedang menerangkanpelajaran itu. Perusahaan itu sedang tumbuh dengan pesat sekarang. Harga saham di bursa Efek Jakarta sedang naik sekarang 8. Pak Adi sedang mengajar bahasa Inggris di kampus sekarang 9.

Polisi tersebut sedang mencari Ali sekarang. Ana, Ani, dan Tom sedang berdiskusi sekarang. EXERCISE 2: Change the following sentences into (+), (-), and (?) 1. They are speaking English now. We are not reading now.

Communicative English Course 2. 16 Tenses In English 3. Is your mother frying rice now?

No, she isn’t. What is your father looking at now?

He is watching “Plan to kill” on TV now. The teacher is not explaining tenses to the students now. Is Maradona playing football in Argentina Now? EXERCISE 3: Write questions by using question words based on the underlined words in the following sentences. John is eating a plate of rice in the dining room now. The cat is eating fried chicken in the kitchen now. Tom and Jerry are quarrelling about food now.

My father is teaching Biology at school now. EXERCISE 4: Answer the following questions with your own words. Are you studying English now?

Is your father reading a newspaper now? Is your mother sewing a shirt now? Are They singing a song at home now? Is Mr.Adi teaching English at school now? What is your mother doing now? What is your brother doin now? G EXERCISE 5: Write sentences by using the following verbs Writing, speaking, sewing, growing, discussing, doing, hunting,eating, drinking, dancing, singing, making, building, teaching, explaining, talking, watching, shopping, sleeping, typing, driving, riding, training, working CHAPTER 2 PAST TENSE 2.1.

The Use of Simple Past Tense Communicative English Course 3. 16 Tenses In English We use the past simple to talk about actions or situations in the past. The Adverbs of time used The adverbs of time used in this tense are Yesterday, last., a week ago, this morning, last night, yesterday morning, yesterweek, yestermonth, yesteryear, etc. The Patterns of Simple Past Tense 2.3.1. The Positive Pattern S + Verb 2 Yesterday S + 2.

John saw a crocodile in the river yesterday. We studied English here last week. They played football in the field yesteryear 2.3.2. The Negative Pattern S + didn’t + Verb 1.Yesterday S + tidak + 1kemarin Examples: 1. John didn’t see a crocodile in the river yesterday. We didn’t study here last week. They didn’t play football in the field yesteryear.

The Interrogative Pattern Did + S + Verb 1.Yesterday? Apakah + S + 1kemarin? Did John see a crocodile in the river yesterday? Yes, he did/No, he didn’t 2. Did you study here last week? Yes, we did/ No, we didn’t 3.

Did they play football in the field yesteryear? Yes, they did/No, they didn’t 2.3.4. The Question-word Pattern QW + did + S + Verb 1.Yesterday? Qw + yang + S + 1.? Examples: Communicative English Course 4.

16 Tenses In English 1. What did John see in the river yesterday?

A crocodile 2. When did John see a crocodile in the river? Yesterday QW + Verb 2.Yesterday? S + did QW + 2.? Who saw a crocodile in the river yesterday? What grew in the rice-field last year?

A coconut tree did EXERCISE I: Translate these sentences in English! Kami menjual mobil kami kemarin 2. Apakah kamu pergi ke luar tadi malam? Dia tidak datang ke pesta itu mingg lalu u 4. Apakah kamu tidur nyenyak tadi malam? Kami menjual rumah kami di Jakarta tahun lalu.

Manajer pemasaran tersebut melakukan penelitian minggu lalu. Apakah perusahaan anda menjual kursi tahun lalu? Kapan anda menjalankan usaha anda di Jakarta? Tahun lalu 9. Siapa yang membuat kue itu kemarin? Apa yang jatuh di jalan kemarin?

Change the following sentences into (+), (-), (?), Present Continous Tense. Tom saw the cats having business under the tree yesterday 2. They played cricket at school last week 3. Did the policeman arrest the thief last night? The teacher did not attend the meeting this morning Chapter 3 PRESENT FUTURE TENSE We often use will in this situation: Offering to do something: e.g. That bag looks heavy.

I’ll help with it. Agreeing and refusing to do something: Communicative English Course 5.

16 Tenses In English e.g. I’ve asked john to help me but he won’t Promising to do something. I will come to your house tonight. Asking someone to do something. Will you close the window,please! The positive pattern of Present Future tense is as follows: S + will/shall + Verb 1 Tomorrow S + akan + 1. John will run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month.

Mrs.Maria Eva will play badminton tomorrow B. The negative pattern of Present Future tense is as follows: S + won’t/shan’t + Verb 1 Tomorrow S + tidak akan + 1.

John won’t run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month. Mrs.Maria Eva won’t play badminton tomorrow C. The Interrogative pattern of Present Future tense is as follows Will/Shall + S + Verb 1.

Apakah + S + akan + 1.? Will John run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month? Yes, He will/No,he won’t. Will Mrs.Maria Eva play badminton tomorrow? Yes, She will/No, she won’t D.

The QW pattern of Present Future tense is as follows QW + will/shall + S + Verb 1.Tomorrow? Communicative English Course 6. 16 Tenses In English QW + yang + S + akan + 1.? When will John run a restaurant in Jakarta? Next month 2. Who will run a restaurant in Jakarta Next month?John will 3. Where will John run a restaurant Next month?

Next month 4. What will John do in Jakarta Next month? Running a restaurant We often use will to be going to when we say what we have already decided to do, what we intend to do in the future. A:There’s a film on television tonight. Are you going to watch it? B: No, I am too tired. I am going to have an early night.

The pattern: S + am/is/are + going to + Verb 1 S +am/is/are + not + going to + Verb 1 Am/is/are + S + going to + Verb 1.? QW + am/is/are + S + going to + verb 1.? PRESENT TENSE Present Tense is used to talk about something in general. And it is also used to talk about something which is happened repeatedly or habituallly activities.

+ The earth goes round the sun - The earth doesn’t go round the sun? Does the earth go round the sun? + I get up at 8 o’clock every morning - I don’t get up at 8 o’clock every morning? Do you get up at 8 o’clock very morning? Communicative English Course 7. 16 Tenses In English The pattern: S + Verb 1 (s/es) Everyday/today S + don’t/doesn’t + Verb 1 Everyday/today Do/Does + S + Verb 1Everyday/today?

QW + Do/does + S + Verb 1.Everyday/today? We use the present simple when wsesay how often we do things: e.g. How often do you go to the dentist?

Mary doesn’t often drink tea. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE We use past continuous Tense to say that someone was in the middle of doing something at a certain time. The action or situation had already started before this time but hadn’t finished: This time last year I was living in Brazil We often use the past continuous Tense and the past simple together to say that something happened in the middle of something else: When I was working in the garden, I hurt my back. The pattern: S + was/were + verb 4.When + s + Verb 2.

S + was/were + not + Verb 4.When + s + Verb 2 Was/were + S + verb 4. When + s + Verb 2.? QW + was/were + S + verb 4When + s + Verb 2? Communicative English Course 8.

16 Tenses In English e.g. + She was cooking rice when Tom came yesterday - She wasn’t cooking rice when Tom came yesterday? Was she cooking rice when Tom came yesterday? PRESENT PERFECT TENSE We often use the present perfect Tense to give new information or to announce recent happening: e.g. Do you know about Mary? She’s gone to Jakarta. We can use the Present Perfect Tense with already to say that something has happened sooner than expected: e.g.

Don’t forget to post this letter, will you? I’ve already posted it. We can use the Present Perfect Tense with just (= a short time ago) e.g. Would you like something to eat? I’ve just had lunch’.

We talk about a period of time that continuous up to the present, we use the present perfect. Dave: Have you travelled a lot, Nora? Nora: Yes, I have been to 47 different countries. We often use ever and never with the present perfect: e.g. Have you ever eaten caviar? We have never had a car. We have to use present perfect Tense with This is the first time, It the first time e.g.

This is the first time he has driven a car. (not drives) Communicative English Course 9. 16 Tenses In English We often use the present perfect with yet. Yet shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. Use yet only in questions and negative sentences: e.g.

Has it stopped raining yet? (not ‘did it stop’). The pattern: S + have/has + verb 3.etc S + haven’t/hasn’t + Verb 3.etc Have/has + S + verb 3.etc? QW + have/has + S + verb 3.etc?

PAST PERFECT TENSE We use the Past perfect to say that something had already happened before this time: Example: - When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home - When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my flat and had stolen my fur coat. George didn’t want to come to the cinema with us because he had already seen the film twice. It was my first time in an aeroplane. I was very nervous because I hadn’t flown before. The pattern: S + had + verb 3when/before S + V2 S + hadn’t + Verb 3 when/before S + V2 Had + S + verb 3 when/before S + V2?

QW + had + S + verb 3 when/before S + V2? Communicative English Course 10. 16 Tenses In English Translate these sentences into English! Rumah itu sangat sunyi ketika saya tiba. Semua orang sudah pergi tidur. Saya merasa sangat lelah ketika saya pulang, jadi sayalangsung pergi tidur 3.

Saya tidak lapar, saya baru saja makan siang. To tidak bearada di rumah ketika saya tiba. Dia baru saja keluar. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE S + have/has + been + verb 4etc S + haven’t/hasn’t + been + verb 4etc Have/has + S + been + verb 4.etc? QW + have/has + S + been + verb 4etc?

Example: - Pelajar pelajar tengah menyanyi sejak pagi ini + The students have been singing since this morning - The students haven’t been singing since this morning? Have the students been singing since this morning? Translate these sentences into English! Hari sudah hujan selama dua jam 2. Berapa lama kamu sudah belajar bahasa inggris? Saya sudah menonton acara TV tersebut sejak dua jam 4. Dia (pr) sudah bermain tenis sejak dia berumur 8 tahun Communicative English Course 11.

16 Tenses In English 5. Berapa lama kamu suah merokok? Mereka sudah bermain PS selama tiga jam 9.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE S + had been + verb 4when S + V2 S + hadn’t been + Verb 4 when S + V2 Had + S + been + verb 4 when S + V2? QW + had + S + been + verb 4 when S + V2? Example: - Mereka tengah mengerjakan PR ketika saya datang kemarin + They had been doing the homework when I came yesterday - They hadn’t been doing the homework when I came yesterday? Had they been doing the homework when I came yesterday? Translate these sentences into English! Mereka sudah bermain bola selama satu jam ketika ada petir yang menakutkan 2. Ken sudah merokok selama 30 tahun ketika akhirnya dia berhenti 3.

Orkestra itu sudah bermain selama sepuluh menit ketika seorang laki laki berteriak 4. Saya sudah mengetik selama tiga puluh menit ketika listrik itu padam Communicative English Course 12. 16 Tenses In English 5. Mereka sudah tidur selama 6 jam ketika kebakaran itu terjadi 10.

PRESENT FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE S + will be + Verb 4 + O + at.o’clock S + won’t be + Verb 4 + O + at.o’clock Will + S + be + Verb 4 + O + at.o’clock? QW + will + S + be +Verb 4o’clock? Example: - Kamu sedang akan pergi ke sekolah pukul 7 besok pagi + You will be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning - You won’t be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning?

Will you be going to school at seven o’clock tomorrow morning? Translate these sentences into English!

George sedang akan meninggalkan Indonesia pada pukul 9 besok pagi 2. Saya sedang akan menyelesaikan PR itu sore nanti 3. Dia (pr) sedang akan menonton acara di stadion tersebut nanti malam 4.

Mereka sedang akan makan malam di restauran itu nanti malam 5. Para karyawan sedang akan menyelesaikan pekerjaan itu pukul 9 nanti malam Communicative English Course 13.

16 Tenses In English 11. PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT TENSE S + will have + verb 3 +.by the end S + won’t have + Verb 3 +.by the end. Will + S + have + Verb 3 + by the end.? QW + will + S + have +Verb 3 +by the end? Example: - Kita sudah akan tiba di Jakarta besok sore.

+ We will have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon - We won’t have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon? Will we have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon? Translate these sentences into English! John sudah akan selesai mengerjakan pekerjaanya menjelang akhir minggu ini 2. Menjelang minggu depan saya akan selesai membaca buku ini 3. Menjelang bulan depan dia akan membayar hutangnya 4. Kami sudah akan mendapat rumah baru menjelang akhir tahun ini Communicative English Course 14.

16 Tenses In English 12. PRESENT FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE S + will have been + verb 4since. S + won’t have been + verb 4.since. Will + S + have been + verb 4since.? QW + will + S + have been + verb 4.since.? Example: - Mereka tengah akan belajar sejak pagi besok + They will have been studying since this morning - They won’t have been studying since this morning? Will they have been studying since this morning?

Translate these sentences into English! Menjelang akhir tahun ini kami akan sudah mempelajari bahasa inggris selama tiga tahun 2. Menjelang hari natal saya akan sudah bekerja di kantor ini selama lima tahun 3. Menjelang liburan sekolah ini saya sudah mengikuti tes selama 5 kali 4.

Menjelang hari raya idul fitri saya sudah akan dua kali pulang ke desa Communicative English Course 15. 16 Tenses In English 13. PAST FUTURE TENSE S + would + V1IF + S + verb 2.etc S + wouldn’t + verb 1.+ object.etc Would + S + verb 1.+ object.etc?

Saya akan datang ANDAIKATA kamu mengundang saya I would come if you invited me 2. Tom akan melakukan perjalanan JIKAdia punya uang Tom would travel if he had more money Exercise: Translate these sentences into English! Jika saya jadi kamu, saya tidak akan membeli rumah itu 2.

Saya akan keluar jika hari tidak hujan 3. Jika saya kaya, saya akan membeli sebuah villa 4.

Jika saya dapat berbicara bahasa inggris, saya akan pergi keluar negeri 5. Saya tidak akan keberatan tinggal di Amerika jika cuacanya bagus Communicative English Course 16. 16 Tenses In English 14. PAST FUTURE CINTINUOUS TENSE S + would be + Verb 4when S + verb 2.etc S + wouldn’t + be + verb 4.when S + verb 2etc Would + S + be + verb 4. When S + verb 2etc? Example: - Sedianya mereka sedang akan pulang KETIKA kami datang + They would be going home when we came - They wouldn’t be going home when we came? Would they be going home when we came?

Translate these sentences into English! Saya akan sedang menempuh ujian hari berikutnya pada waktu itu 2.

Kami akan sedang membangun rumah itu pada waktu itu 3. Mereka sedang akan bermain babak kedua pada pertandingan sepakbola waktu itu. Communicative English Course 17. 16 Tenses In English 15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE S + would have + verb 3.IF + S + had + verb 3.

S + wouldn’t have + verb 3 object.etc Would + S + have + verb 3.object.etc? Example: - Ia sudah akan menjadi presiden ANDAIKATA partainya menang dalam pemilihan umum. He would have become a presiden if his party had won in generalelection Exercise: Translate these sentences into English!

Jika saya telah mengetahui bahwakamu sakit, saya akan menemuimu 2. Tom tidak akan mengikuti ujian itu jika dia mengetahui bahwa soalnya akan begitu sulit. Jika saya berjumpa dengan mu, saya akan mengatakan hello 4. Jika saya telah mengumpulakanuang, saya akan menikahi mu 5. Saya akan mengirim surat ini jika kamu telah selesai membuatmya Communicative English Course 18.

16 Tenses In English 16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE S + would have + been + verb 4.IF + S + had + verb 3. S + wouldn’t have been + verb 4.objectetc Would + S + have been + verb 4.object.etc? Example: - Sedianya rapat tengah akan dimulai sejak pagi ANDAIKATA walikota sudah datang tepat pada waktunya - The meeting would have been starting since this morning if Mayor had come on time. Exercise: Translate these sentences into English!

Sedianya concert itu tengah akan dimulai andaikata artis artis itu datang pada waktunya. Sedianya saya tengah akan tidur andaikata mereka belum datang 3. Andaikata ayah saya telah selesai berbelanja, ibu saya akan memasak makanan itu 17. Abbreviation (singkatan) Communicative English Course 19. 16 Tenses In English 1. I am = I’m 2.

You are = You’re 3. We are = We’re 4. They are = They’re 5. He is = He’s 6.

She is = She’s 7. It is = It’s 8. Will not = won’t 9. Would not = Wouldn’t 10. Do not = Don’t 11.

Does not = Doesn’t 12. Did not = Didn’t 13. Is not = Isn’t 14. Are not = Aren’t 15. Was not = Wasn’t 16. Were not = Weren’t 17. Have not = Haven’t 18.

Has not = Hasn’t 19. Had not = Hadn’t 20. Can not = Can’t 21. Could not = Couldn’t 22. Must not = Mustn’t 23.

Conditional Tenses In English Grammar

Should not = Shouldn’t 24. Might not = Mightn’t 25. May not = Mayn’t 18. PASSIVE VOICE (IN POSITIVE FORM) Penjelasan: Communicative English Course 20. 16 Tenses In English 1.

Kalimat pasif ialah suatu kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai oleh suatu perbuatan atau yang predikatnya berawalan di/ ter 2. Kata kerja yang digunakan harus kata kerja transitive, yaitu kata kerja yang bisa diikuti oleh suatu objek atau benda. Rumus kalimat pasif dalam bahasa inggris adalah sebagai berikut: S + To be + V3by 4.

To be berfungsi untuk menentukan Tenses dari suatu kalimat dan untuk membentuk awalan: di.atau: ter 5. To be dapat dijabarkan dalam 16 Tenses (lihatlah 16 Tenses pada rumus kalimat aktif) Pelajarilah Rumus dibawah ini: 1. Present Future Tense: S + will be + V3by 2. Present Future Continuous Tense: S + will be + being + V3by 3. Present Future Perfect Tense: S + will have been + V3 4. Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense: S + will have been + being + V3.

Simple Present Tense: S + am/is/are + V3 6. Present Continuous Tense: S + am/is/are + being +V3 7.

Present Perfect Tense: S + have/has + been + V3 8. Present Perfect Continuous Tense: S + have been/has been +being +V3 9. Past Perfect Tense: S + had been +V3 10. Past Perfect Continuous Tense: S + had been + being + V3 11. Simple Past Tense: S + Was/were + V3 12.

Past Continuous Tense: S + was/were + being + V3 13. Past Future Tense: S + would be + V3 14. Past Future Continuous Tense: S + would be being +V3 15.

Past Future Perfect Tense: S + would have been + V3 16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense: S + would have been + being + V3 Communicative English Course 21. 16 Tenses In English Penjelasan: 1. Kata kerja yang dipakai dalam kalimat pasif ialah V3 (bukan V1, V2, V4) 2. Tenses dalam kalimat pasifditentukan aleh bentuk To be nya 3. TO BE bisa terdiri dari: a. Satu kata saja (am/is/are/was/were) lihat nomor 5 dan 11.

Dua kata(will be,have been, has been, had been, would be) lihat nomor1, 7, 9, 13. (am being-is being-are being-was being-were being) no.

Tiga kata (will be being, will have been, have been being, has been being, had been being, would be being and would have been) lihat nomor 2, 3, 8, 10, 14 dan 15. Empat kata (will have been being dan would have been being ) no. Being dalam kalimat pasif menunjukan: Contnuous. PASSIVE – VOICE IN NEGATIVE FORM 1. Present Future Tense S + Won’t be + V3.(by him) = S tak akan di Example: Engkau tak akan dimarahi olehnya. Communicative English Course 22. 16 Tenses In English 2.

Present Future Continuous Tense S + Won’t be + being + V3(by them). = S tidak sedang akan di. Example: Rapat tidak sedang akan dimulai oleh merekapukul 9 besok pagi. Present Future Perfect Tense S + Won’t have been + V3.(by her) = S belum akan di Example: Nasi belum akan dimasak olehnya sore ini 4. Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense S + Won’t have been + V3.(by the Bank) Example: Rumah itu belum lagi akan disita oleh Bank pada akhir tahun ini. Simple Present Tense S + (am not/isn’t/aren’t) + V3.(by the Judge) Example: Pengacau-pengacau itu tidak dikenakan hukuman oleh Hakim. Present Continuous Tense S + (am not/isn’t/aren’t) + being + V3 (by) Example: Mobil saya tidak sedang direparasi sekarang 7.

Present Perfect Tense S + (hasn’t/haven’t) + been + V3.(by.) Example: Saya belum diajak dalam percakapan bahasa Inggris oleh kawan-kawan saya. Present Perfect Continuous Tense S + (hasn’t/haven’t) + been + being + V3by. Example: Korupsi masih belum diberantas oleh pemerintah sejak bertahun-tahun yang lalu. Past Perfect Tense S + hadn’t been + V3by. Communicative English Course 23. 16 Tenses In English Example: Tomy belum dituduh sebagai penghianat, sebelum Jaksa Agung terbunuh. Past Perfect Continuous Tense S + hadn’t been + being + V3(by.) Example: Buchary masih belum dicalonkan Walikota, ketika otonomi dilimpahkan ke-propinsi.

Simple Past Tense S + (wasn’t/weren’t) + V3(by.) Example: Tindakan keras tidak dilakukan oleh pemerintah terhadap para koruptor. Past Continuous Tense S + (wasn’t/weren’t) + V3(by.) Example: Pasien tidak sedang dioperasi ketika ia meninggal kemarin. 16, hanya menambahkan kata Not, pada kata bantu yang pertama. Lihat pada 16 Tenses kalimat pasip bent k berita. U Note: Keterangan pelaku (by me, by us, by him, dst) dan keterangan waktu, bisa dipakai bila diperlukan.

Tergantung kepada: kondisi dan situasi dari tiap kalimat yang diucapkan. PASSIVE VOICE IN INTERROGATIVE 1.

Present Future Tense Will + S + be + V3(by.) few years from now? = Yes/No, Example: Apakah Bahasa Inggris akan dipakai di Pontianak? = Few years from now. Communicative English Course 24.

16 Tenses In English 2. Present Future Continuous Tense Will + S + have been + V3? Example: Apakah rapat sedang akan diadakan pukul 9 besok? What time +.? = At 9 o’clock.

Present Future Perfect Tense Will + S + have been + V3? Example: Apakah pekerjaanmu sudah akan diselesaikan sore ini? Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense Will + S + have been + being + V3? Example: Apakah norma-norma hukum tengah akan diberlakukan sesudah negara bangkrut? = Because none is hones in government. Simple Present Tense (Am /Is/Are) + S + V3.? = Yes/No, Example: Apakah saya diminta untuk menemani kamu?

= By our director. Present Continuous Tense (Am/Is/Are ) + S + being + V3.? Example: Apakah penari-penari itu sedang dijemput sekarang? = At the airport. Present Perfect Tense (Has/Have) + S + been + V3? Communicative English Course 25.

16 Tenses In English Example: Sudahkah tiket-tiket itu dibeli olehmu? How many tickets +.? = 5 tickets 8. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Has/Have) + S + been + being + V3.? = Yes/No, Example: Apakah Budi tengah diopname di rumah sakit? = For 3 days.

Past Perfect Tense Had + S + been + V3.? = Yes/No, Example: Apakah perampok-perampok itu sudah tertembak dikakinya sebelum mereka menyerahkan diri? = The robbers.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense Had + S + been + being + V3.? = Yes/No, Example: Apakah ia tengah diperbantukan sebelum kepada Departemen Pendidikan sebelum ia menjadi Menteri? = More than 3 year. Simple Past Tense (Were/Was) + S + V3.? = Yes/No, Example: Apakah masalah Tomy dibicarakan di DPR? = Tomy’s problem. Past Continuous Tense (Were/Was) + S + being + V3?

= Yes/No, Example: Apakah proyek perumahan sedang direncanakan di kota ini ketika saya ada di luar negeri tahun lalu? = By the mayor.

Past Future Tense: Hanya mengubah: Will dengan Would dan keterangan waktu 14. Past Future Continuous Tense: sama di atas (kalimat dikarang sendiri) Communicative English Course 26. 16 Tenses In English 15. Past Future Perfect Tense: sama di atas (kalimat dikarang sendri) 16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense: sama di atas (kalimat dikarang sendiri) 21. CAUSATIVE Dengan HAVE Dan GET Fungsi: I.

Menyuruh sesorang untuk mengerjakan sesuatu. Menyuruh agar sesuatu dikerjakan oleh orang lain. Bandingkanlah kalimat-kalimat berikut: 1. Tono mengecat rumahnya hari ini. Rumah Tono dicat sendiri olehnya.

Tenses In English

Tono menyuruh tukang cat mengecatkanrumahnya. Tono mengecatkan rumahnya.

Rumus-Rumus Causative: Communicative English Course 27. 16 Tenses In English A. S + to have + someone + V1 + etc Eg: 1. He has a mechanic repair his car today 2. He will have a mechanic repair his car tomorrow 3.

He is having a mechanic etc now B. S + to have + something + Eg: 1. I had my tooth pulled out yesterday 2. Ali has had his hair cut since yesterday Note: Perubahan Tenses hanya terjadi pada kata kerja to have. (have (has) – had – had – having) C. S + to get + someone + to + V1 + etc Eg: 1. He will get me to help him tomorrow 2.

He doesn’t get me to come to his house today 3. He has get me to bring a dictionary D. S + to get + somthing + to + V3 + etc Eg: 1.

The girl gets her face made up (dihias) 2. I won’t get my hair cut short. Budi is getting his tooth pulled out now Catatan penting: Something = (sth) = sesuatu benda Someone = (so) = seseorang (object): me, him, One’s (kepunyaan) = my, your, her, our, their Eg = example = contoh.

(Eg = example gratia) Communicative English Course 28. 16 Tenses In English THE 16 TENSES Perhatikan perubahan yang terjadi dari Rumus umum ke – TENSES TERTENTU: S + TO HAVE + SOME ONE + V1 + DST 1.

S + will + have + S.O + V1 + 2. S + will + have had + S.O + V1 + 3.

S + have (has) + S.O + V1 + 4. S + had + S.O + V1 + 5. S + have + had + S.O + V1 + has 6. S + had + had + S.O + V1 + Communicative English Course 29. 16 Tenses In English 7. S + will be + having + S.O + V1 + 8.

S + will + have been + having + S.O + V1 + 9. S + (am, is, are) + V4 + S.O + V1 + 10. S + (was, were) + V4 + S.O + V1 + 11.

S + (have been/has been) + having + S.O + V1 + 12. S + had been + having + S.O + V1 + 13. S + would + have + S.O + V1 + 14. S + would be + having + S.O + V1 + 15. S + would + have had + S.O + V1 + 16.

S + would + have been + having + S.O + RENUNGKAN: 1. To have, adalah bentuk: Infinitive (=kata kerja pokok) yang berubah menurut Tenses tertentu. (dilahat 16 Tenses diatas). S.O = Some One = adalah Object, dan bukan Subjek. Jadi: S.O, bisa menjadi = me, you, him, her, us, them.

One’s = bisa menjadi: my, your, his, her, our, dsb S = (Subjek), seperti: I, You, He, She, We They, It, dan benda-benda lainnya. (T.V, Radio, Weather, the wind). V1, dalam rumus diatas tidak berubah dalam segala bentuk kalimat dan bentuk Tenses apapun. V1, tetap V1, tidak ada perubahan. V1 V2 V3 V4 have had had having PATTERN EXERCISE: TASK: Make free statements according to the PATTERNS (rumus) below: A.

S + didin’t have + me + V1 + etc Eg: 2. Do +S + have + Us + V1.?

QW + will + S + have + someone + V1 +? Communicative English Course 30. 16 Tenses In English 4. Who + has + someone +V1 +?

Eg: Who has 5. Have + someone + V1 +! S + won’t have + one’s house + V3 + etc Saya tidak akan mengecatkan rumahku. = Do +S + have + something + V3 today? Does Apakah Budi mereparasikan mobilnya hari ini?

QW + did + S + have + something + V3 + yesterday Dimana Evi mencabutkan giginya kemarin =. Who + will have + One’s + sth + V3 +? Siapa yang akan berpoto?

= Who will have one’s picture taken? One’s picture = seseorang yang belum diketahui. Communicative English Course 31. 16 Tenses In English LIST OF TRANSITIVE – VERB Infinitive Past Present No (Kata Dasar) Past Tense Participle Participle The Meaning in Indonesian: V1 V2 V3 V4 1 to do did done ing mengerjkan, melakukan. 2 to have had had having mempunyai 3 to tell told told ing mengatakan, menceritakan, menyuruh.